Frequently Asked Questions

13

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Guangzhou Liwin Electronic Technology Co., Ltd.

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Q. What is LED?

A: LED stands for Light Emitting Diodes, as the name states - are diodes. A diode is a semi-conductor device that permits current flow in one direction. Semiconductor diodes are a junction of two materials. One material has a

surplus of positive charge (holes), and the other a surplus of negative charge (electrons). When you apply a forward voltage, the

electrons and holes are brought together. They combine and release light energy - the "light emitting" part of the name.

Q. Is an LED a bulb?

A: LEDs do appear to be bulbs, but in fact are not. LEDs are tiny semiconductors encapsulated in plastic which protects their

components and helps to focus the light.

Q. What is the difference between an incandescent bulb and LED?

A: Incandescent creates light by the use of a filament. When power is applied, the filament glows and generates heat ~which in turn

produces light. LEDs are just the opposite. LEDs create light through a "cold process". When power is applied to semiconductors

(usually gallium, asenic and phosphorous), they"re stimulated by the movement of electrons, this creating photons. Photons are the

light that is visibly seen by humans.

Q. Do LEDs have a wire filament?

A: No, LEDs operate using entirely different components. LEDs are diodes ~they only allow power to move in one direction. The anode

(+) is where the current comes in and the cathode is where the current goes out, much like the positive and negative terminals of a

battery. Incandescent bulbs project light in every direction (omni directional) as opposed to LED lights which project light in specified

directions (such as 20, 50 and 120 degrees) due to their package design and layout.

Q. Why do LEDs use such little power?

A: LEDs do not use a filament where a conductor is heated and light is created. Filament based lighting consumes more power than

the light produced. LEDs produce very little amounts of heat and do not use filaments making them far more efficient in consumption

and output.

Q. Do LEDs produce heat?

A: LEDs produce very little amounts of heat. If LEDs are hot to the touch, they are being overpowered due to improper circuitry.

Q. Can LEDs be damaged if hooked up backwards?

A: Yes, they can. LEDs are diodes and only allow power to pass in one direction. To ensure that you will get the most life out of our

LED devices, we add additional circuits to prevent this from occurring in both AC and DC applications.

Q. Are LEDs affected by extreme conditions?

A: LEDs are geared for harsh environments. LEDs function from ~40F to 180F. There is no delay or required "warm up time" for LEDs

to function.

Q. Do LEDs attract insects?

A: No they do not. Insects see entirely different spectrums of light and are attracted to ultraviolet light. A side note ~ flowers create "nectar

guides", invisible to the human eye and ultraviolet light attracts insects to flowers for reproductive purposes. This is not to say that all

bugs aren't attracted to LED lights, but most can"t see the light that LEDs produce.

Q. How long do LEDs last?

A: LEDs are rated by manufacturers to operate under normal conditions for approximately 10 years or 100,000 hours of continuous

use. As LEDs get older, they tend to dim and fade but aren"t susceptible to blinking like incandescent or fluorescents.

Q.LEDs are more expensive than other lighting options. Why?

A: LEDs can operate as standing alone devices, but when grouped or clustered they require additional steps to operate properly. LEDs

need proper components such as a circuit board, driving components and some cases and housings to endure the elements. LED

circuits can be designed rapidly, but to ensure that they operate correctly and for long periods of time they require testing.

Q. Can LEDs be dimmed?

A. It"s useful to think of an LED as a current-driven device. Instead, pulse width modulation presents a technique to safely dim an LED from 0 ~ 100% of its" nominal brightness.

By pulsing the LED with current, and varying the duty cycle of the current waveform, the LED rapidly transitions between on and off, and

the relative times spent give the impression of being dimmed.